Family conflict and parental monitoring are significant predictors of suicidal thoughts in children as young as 9- and 10 years of age, says a study.
The majority of children surveyed in the study had caregivers who either did not know, or did not report, the suicidal thoughts of the children in their charge.
Historically, the belief has been that people don't need to ask kids about suicidal thoughts before adolescence, said Deanna Barch, Professor at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, US.
"Our data suggests that's absolutely not true. Kids are having these thoughts. They're not at the same rates as adults, but they are nontrivial," she added.
The study, published in the journal JAMA Network Open, looked at 11,814 children between ages 9 and 10 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a longitudinal study in the US on adolescent brain health in which caretakers also participate.
Dividing suicidal thoughts and actions into several categories, researchers found that 2.4 to 6.2 percent of the children reported having thoughts about suicide, from wishing they were dead to devising -- but not carrying out -- a plan.
When it came to actions, they saw 0.9 percent of these 9- and 10-year-olds said they had tried to commit suicide; 9.1 percent reported non-suicidal self-injury.
In more than 75 percent of cases where children self-reported suicidal thoughts or behaviours, the caregivers did not know about the child's experience, said the study.
The researchers found that family conflict was a predictor of suicidal thoughts and non-suicidal self-injury. Monitoring by a caretaker was also predictive of those measures, as well as suicide attempts.
Parents, caregivers and people working with children should be aware of the possibility that a 9-year-old is thinking about suicide, Barch said.
"If you have kids who are distressed in some way, you should be asking about this," she said, adding that caregivers can help identify kids who might be in trouble.
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